Zoo Siab
Rau chemistry, a sib tov Nws yog txheej ntawm ob lossis ntau yam tshuaj dawb huv uas tuaj ua ke yam tsis hloov pauv tshuaj.Vim li no, nws muaj peev xwm cais qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw siv cov txheej txheem ib txwm muaj ntawm lub cev, xws li pom yoj distillation.
Hauv qhov xwm txheej muaj ntau yam sib xyaw, uas peb cuam tshuam nrog txhua hnub. Ib tug ntawm lawv yog cua uas peb ua pa, uas yog ua los ntawm feem ntau nitrogen thiab cov pa oxygen, txawm hais tias nws kuj muaj lwm yam tshuajxws li carbon dioxide, dej ua pa, thiab lwm yam. Cov dej hiav txwv kuj yog sib xyaw, vim peb paub tias nws muaj Cov ntxhia ntsev, cov teeb meem organic hauv kev ncua thiab muaj sia nyob, ntawm lwm tus.
- Saib kuj: Cov sib tov sib xyaw thiab homogeneous sib xyaw
Hom sib tov
- Homogeneous sib tov: Hauv cov khoom sib xyaw no nws tsis tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv ntawm lawv cov khoom siv nrog lub qhov muag liab qab thiab tsis nyob hauv qhov tsom me me, uas yog, cov sib xyaw sib xyaw ua ke tsis muaj qhov tsis sib xws thiab muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo ib yam. Homogeneous sib tov yog lub npe hu ua kev daws teeb meem lossis kev daws teeb meem.
- Heterogeneous sib tov: Cov khoom sib xyaw no nthuav tawm qhov tsis sib xws uas ua rau muaj kev tsim cov theem sib txawv sib txawv, feem ntau, nrog qhov muag liab qab.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom sib tov tsis tsim tshuaj lom neeg nruab nrab ntawm cov ntsiab lus sib xyaw. Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm kev sib xyaw tuaj yeem ua tau zoo lossis muaj nuj nqis:
- Tsim nyog: Nws yuav yog qhov txaus siab los txheeb xyuas cov tshuaj twg uas muaj nyob hauv qhov sib xyaw.
- Quantitative: Nws yuav nthuav kom paub txog qhov ntau lossis feem pua uas pom cov no.
Cov Homogeneous sib tov Lawv yuav yog kua, gaseous lossis khoom. Ib txwm yog ib qho uas txiav txim siab lub xeev kawg ntawm qhov sib xyaw yog cov hnyav, tsis yog qhov hnyav.
Piv txwv li, thaum ib tus yaj cov lus ntsev (a khoom) hauv dej (a kua), qhov sib xyaw ua ke yog kua. Hauv qhov no, yog tias ib tus tawm mus ua kom qhuav tag nrho cov dej, koj yuav tau txais cov ntsev uas koj xub tau yaj. Yog tias koj sib xyaw cov xuab zeb thiab dej, ntawm qhov tod tes, koj yuav tau txais kev sib xyaw sib xyaw. Cov xuab zeb yuav zoo li ua ib txheej rau hauv qab ntawm lub ntim.
Lwm tus Txoj kev ntawmkev sib cais ntawm kev sib tov yog cov decantation, cov crystallization, cov centrifugation yoj chromatography ntawm nyias phaj. Tag nrho cov txheej txheem no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv chaw tshawb fawb tshawb fawb.
Saib: Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Sib Nrauj ntawm Kev Sib xyaw
Kev sib xyaw tshwj xeeb
- Piv txwv ntawm Cov Roj Sib xyaw
- Piv txwv ntawm Cov Roj Sib xyaw nrog Cov Dej
- Piv txwv ntawm Cov Roj Sib xyaw nrog cov khib nyiab
- Piv txwv ntawm Kev Sib tov ntawm Cov Khoom Uas Muaj Cov Dej
Piv txwv ntawm kev sib tov
Nees sib xyaw tau teev tseg hauv qab no, los ntawm kev piv txwv (suav nrog homogeneous thiab heterogeneous):
- Baking soda hauv dej - qhov no yog hom sib xyaw ua ke sib xyaw, nrog ntau yam tshuaj thiab ua noj ua haus.
- Dej hiav txwv - Txawm hais tias thaum xub thawj siab ib muag nws zoo li qee yam sib xws, nws yog qhov sib xyaw sib xyaw, feem ntau nws tau raug tshem tawm cov khoom thiab nws muaj pes tsawg leeg sib txawv. Nws lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yog sodium chloride (uas muab nws cov yam ntxwv ua kom qab ntsev), tab sis nws kuj muaj lwm cov ntsev uas feem ntau siv hauv tshuaj pleev ib ce, kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg, thiab lwm yam.
- Ua noj roj sib tov - Nov yog cov roj uas ua los ntawm ntau dua ib hom tsiaj oleaginous hu ua qhov no; qhov feem ntau sib xyaw yog cov roj paj noob hlis thiab pob kws. Lawv tsim ib homogeneous sib tov.
- Ntshav - nws yog qhov sib xyaw ua ke sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ntshav, hlwb, hemoglobin thiab ntau yam ntxiv.
- Cov xab npum xab npum - nws tseem yog qhov sib xyaw sib txawv, nws ua tiav los ntawm kev sib txuas cov ntsev ntawm cov saw ntev fatty acids nrog cov khoom sib xyaw, xim, glycerin, thiab lwm yam.
- Hauv av - qhov no yog qhov sib xyaw sib txawv heev, nws muaj cov khoom me me cov zaub mov, cov khoom siv organic, cov kab mob me me, cua, dej, kab, hauv paus thiab ntau dua.
- Npias
- Hnoos syrup - Cov kua qab zib feem ntau raug ncua (ib hom sib xyaw sib xyaw), nrog cov khoom me me uas tsis yaj tag, uas tau ntxiv cov khoom xws li tuab, xim, thiab lwm yam.
- Dej nrog xuab zeb - sib xyaw heterogeneous, cov xuab zeb decants thiab cais ua ib theem qis.
- Kas fes nrog qab zib - Yog tias nws yog kas fes yaj, nws yuav muaj qhov sib xyaw ua ke, nrog cov piam thaj yaj hauv nws.
- Detergent hauv dej - Feem ntau qhov no yog emulsion, yog li ntawd sib xyaw sib xyaw.
- Diluted tshuaj dawb - Nws yog homogeneous sib tov dav siv rau kev ntxuav thiab tua kab mob, kuj yog tshuaj dawb. Qhov sib xyaw no muaj cov tshuaj chlorine nquag.
- Tshuaj cawv - homogeneous sib xyaw ntawm ethanol hauv dej, nws cov ntsiab lus feem ntau qhia hauv qib (feem ntau yog cawv 96 °)
- Tincture ntawm iodine - siv los ua tshuaj tua kab mob
- Tooj liab - Nws yog kev sib xyaw ntawm tooj liab thiab tin, hu ua alloy, uas sib txuas cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom no.
- Mayonnaise - sib tov ntawm qe, roj thiab qee yam ntxiv.
- Maas - Kev sib xyaw ntawm limestone thiab av nplaum, nws muaj qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev teeb tsa lossis ua kom tawv tawv thaum sib cuag nrog dej, yog vim li cas nws thiaj li siv rau hauv kev tsim kho.
- Plaub hau
- Khau tshuaj pleev
- Mis
Xav paub ntxiv?
- Homogeneous thiab heterogeneous sib tov
- Dab tsi yog homogeneous tov?
- Dab tsi yog cov sib xyaw sib xyaw?
