20 Piv txwv ntawm Cov Hlau Oxides (yooj yim oxides) - Phau Ntawv Qhia Txog Kev

Daim Duab: RIAM NTSE, HLAU ZOO, SIV YOOJ YIM, PHEEJ YIG THIAB ZOO NKAUJ

Zoo Siab

Lub npe ntawm cov hlau oxides
Piv txwv ntawm qhov yooj yim lossis xim hlau oxides

Cov hlau oxides (tseem hu ua yooj yim oxides) yog sib txuas uas yog los ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm cov hlau thiab cov pa, nrog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev txuas los ntawm qhov txuas hu ua ionic.

Lawv feem ntau muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua tau zoo thiab muaj lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib xyaw kuj siab (qhov tseeb qhov no yog dab tsi ntawm lawv, sib txawv los ntawm tsis yog xim hlau oxides uas muaj qis dua ib qho).

Cov hlau oxides lawv feem ntau crystalline thiab tsawg kawg yog nruab nrab soluble hauv dej. Hlau oxides zoo tsav tsheb cua sov thiab hluav taws xob, thiab yog vim li cas lawv thiaj siv feem ntau rau cov laj thawj no.

Nyob rau hauv nws muaj pes tsawg leeg, nws yog xim hlau oxides yog binary ua ke ntawm cov hlau nrog oxygen, nrog rau tom kawg ua nrog tus lej oxidation -2.Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov hlau uas cuam tshuam nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ua ke nrog cov pa, kom muaj kev xav txog pes tsawg lub atoms ntawm lub hauv paus nws yuav tsim nyog los pauv rau txhua atom ntawm oxygen.

Saib kuj: Piv txwv ntawm Oxidation

Lub npe ntawm cov hlau oxides

Oxides ntawm hom no muaj qhov tshwj xeeb hais txog lawv cov denomination, txij li Nws tsis yooj yim rau npe txhua tus txij li tib cov tshuaj qee zaum muaj tus lej oxidation sib txawv.. Nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej uas lub hauv paus ntxiv rau cov pa muaj ib tus lej oxidation, txoj hauv kev ib txwm muaj npe nws yuav yog 'oxide ntawm (thiab cov ntsiab lus sib xws)'.

Thaum lub caij muaj ob tus lej oxidation, nws yuav raug hu ua oxide (thiab cov ntsiab lus sib xws, nrog qhov xaus "dais'Yog tias tus lej oxidation siv qis dua, thiab'ib ico'Thaum tus lej loj dua). Thaum kawg, yog tias lub hauv paus muaj ntau dua ob tus lej oxidation (nws tuaj yeem muaj txog plaub) qhov txiaj ntsig tau pom thiab qhov xaus -ico, -oso, hypo -bear, lossis per -ico tau ntxiv raws li. Qhov no yog cov cim npe ib txwm muaj, txawm li cas los xij muaj lwm txoj hauv kev xws li cov lej lej lossis cov atomicity.

Piv txwv ntawm qhov yooj yim lossis xim hlau oxides

Cuprous oxide (Cu₂LOS YOG). Cov tooj liab oxide no tsis yaj hauv dej thiab cov kuab tshuaj organic.
Cupric oxide hmoov (CuO). Nws yog tooj liab oxide nrog tus lej oxidation siab tshaj plaws. Raws li cov ntxhia nws lub npe hu ua tenorite.
Cov cobalt oxide(Cov). Nws yog cov inorganic monoxide nrog cov txiv ntseej ntsuab lossis xim liab pom hauv nws daim ntawv crystalline.
Auric oxide hmoov (Au₂LOS YOG₃). Nws yog qhov ruaj khov tshaj plaws oxide kub. Nws muaj xim liab-xim av, thiab tsis yaj hauv dej.
Titanium oxide hmoov (Txiv ntxawm₂₎. Nws ib txwm pom muaj nyob hauv qee cov zaub mov, hauv cov duab kheej kheej. Nws yog pheej yig, nyab xeeb, thiab muaj ntau.
Zinc oxide hmoov (Z_nLOS YOG). Nws yog cov tshuaj dawb, tseem hu ua dawb zinc sib xyaw. Nws yog me ntsis soluble hauv dej tab sis soluble heev hauv cov kua qaub.
Npib tsib xee oxide (Tsis yog₂LOS YOG₃). Nws yog cov sib xyaw ntawm npib tsib xee (nws muaj 77% npib tsib xee hauv nws muaj pes tsawg leeg). Nws tseem raug hu ua dub nickel oxide.
Nyiaj oxide (Ag₂LOS YOG). Qhov sib xyaw no yog cov hmoov dub lossis xim av zoo uas yog siv los npaj lwm cov nyiaj sib xyaw.
Mercuric oxide hmoov (HgO). Mercury (II) oxide kuj tseem yog cov sib xyaw uas muaj xim txiv kab ntxwv lossis xim liab, nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub xeev khov ntawm chav sov.
Chromic oxide (CrO). Nws yog ib qho tsis muaj kuab lom chromium thiab cov pa oxygen.
Barium oxide hmoov (Nqaj).
Chromic oxide (Cr₂LOS YOG₃). Nws yog cov tshuaj tsis haum uas siv los ua xim, chromium ntsuab.
Plua plav xeb (PbO). Nrog rau cov xim txiv kab ntxwv nws nquag siv hauv cov khoom lag luam thiab hauv kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg.
Cov tshuaj permanganic oxide.
Cov hlau oxide (Tsis zoo)
Ferric oxide hmoov (Kev Ntseeg₂LOS YOG₃)
Cov tshuaj calcium oxide (CaO)
Lithium hlau oxide (Li₂LOS YOG).
Stannous oxide hmoov (SnO).
Stannic oxide hmoov (SnO2).