Zoo Siab
Cov hlau txuas Lawv yog hom kev sib koom ua ke tshuaj lom neeg uas tshwm sim ntawm cov atoms ntawm cov hlau zoo ib yam, thiab los ntawm qhov uas cov qauv txheej txheem txheej txheem tau ua tiav tau zoo, txij li cov nuclei ntawm cov atoms lawv tau sib koom ua ke ntau heev uas lawv pib qhia lawv cov valence electrons.
Cov tom kawg tawm ntawm lawv cov kev coj ua ib puag ncig thiab nyob ib puag ncig ntawm cov txheej txheem nuclei, zoo li hauv ib hom huab, thiab kev nyiam ntawm lawv cov nqi tsis zoo thiab cov nqi zoo ntawm cov nuclei yog dab tsi tuav cov txheej khov kho ua ke.
Ua li no, cov ntawv hlau yog ib qho muaj zog thiab thawj cov nyiaj atomic, uas tsuas tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm atoms ntawm tib hom thiab tsis yog ib daim ntawv ntawm cov hlau. Tsis yog cov hom kev sib txuas no yuav tsis meej pem nrog ionic lub covalent, txawm hais tias nrog qhov kawg nws tuaj yeem sib qhia qee yam txij li atoms koom nrog sib pauv lawv cov electrons rau qee yam.
Cov khoom ntawm cov hlau sib txuas
Mus rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov hlau sib txuas ntau yam ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov hlau tau tsim, xws li kev ua kom tawv thiab tawv ntawm lawv cov ntaub ntawv, nws malleability thiab ductility, nws zoo kev ua kom sov lossis hluav taws xob, thiab txawm tias lawv cov lus ci, txij li lawv rov qab yuav luag txhua lub zog uas ua rau lawv.
Cov atomic particles sib koom ua ke los ntawm hom loops no feem ntau tau teeb tsa peb-seem hauv hexagonal, cubic structure, lossis hauv ntau txoj hauv kev: ib yam li mercury, piv txwv li, uas yog kua nyob hauv chav sov, kev sib koom ua ke atomic tshwm sim los ntawm cov txheej txheem sib txawv thiab tso cai rau kev tsim cov txheej txig txig ntawm cov hlau no.
Piv txwv ntawm cov ntawv hlau
Cov ntawv hlau sib txuas yog qhov tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim hauv ntiaj teb atomic ntawm cov hlau, yog li txhua yam xim hlau ntshiab yog qhov piv txwv ntawm lawv, uas yog:
- Kev sib txuas ntawm Silver (Ag) atoms.
- Kev sib txuas ntawm cov kub (Au) atoms.
- Kev sib txuas ntawm Cadmium (Cd) atoms.
- Txuas ntawm Iron (Fe) atoms.
- Cov nyiaj ntawm Nickel (Ni) atoms.
- Cov nyiaj ntawm Zinc (Zn) atoms.
- Cov nyiaj ntawm cov tooj liab (Cu).
- Cov nyiaj ntawm Platinum (Pt) atoms.
- Kev sib txuas ntawm Aluminium (Al) atoms.
- Kev sib txuas ntawm Gallium (Ga) atoms.
- Cov nyiaj sib txuas ntawm cov atoms ntawm Titanium (Ti).
- Cov ntawv cog lus nruab nrab ntawm Palladium (Pd) atoms.
- Kev sib txuas ntawm Lead (Pb) atoms.
- Cov nyiaj ntawm Iridium atoms (Ir).
- Cov ntawv cog lus nruab nrab ntawm Cobalt (Co) atoms.
Pab tau koj
- Piv txwv ntawm Ionic Bonds
- Piv txwv ntawm Covalent Bonds
